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The first of these excursions took place on Saturday, 18th September - and I nearly missed it, due to an administrative muddle at the offices of the Tunisian Travel Service (which did the tours for Panorama, Thomson and others). I guess they can blame the computer in Tunisia just as much as anywhere else. Coach after coach drove up, refused me and a young Japanese couple who were also booked on the same tour and left us standing there. Eventually the hotel reception came to our rescue and contacted TTS. A van was sent for us and we were conveyed to a petrol station where one of the coaches which had earlier rejected us now took us on board, rather to the mystification of the other passengers who had no idea why they were waiting. Anyway, all's well that ends well, and I had no further problems of that nature during my holiday, thanks to Sam of Panorama who investigated the matter.
This first full day excursion which I so nearly missed was the most popular one leaving from Hammamet: Tunis, Carthage and Sidi Bou Said.
First stop was downtown Tunis, near a modern clock tower which we dubbed 'Big Ben'. Tunis, of course, is the capital of the country, but as it is north-west of Hammamet, I had not managed to go there in '98, so now was the time to rectify this omission. It is a contrast of traditional Arab (with a bit of Turk thrown in) and elegant European, the latter a legacy of the French colonial era. As I mentioned in my account of last year's holiday, the Tunisians have very sensibly retained those aspects of French rule which are still advantageous to them today, e.g. the language, which keeps them in contact with the non-Arab world. Our guide conducted us at a brisk pace westwards along the principal thoroughfare, the Avenue Habib Bourguiba (named after the nonagenarian first President of Tunisia, who though long since deposed is still alive), the Champs Elysees of Tunis. In the middle is a pedestrian pavement and on either side are rows of shady trees, then the roads for traffic, then the shops, offices, etc. There is also an ornate Catholic cathedral, sparkling white like a wedding cake, likewise a relic of French rule. Tunisia being a tolerant country, despite being mainly Moslem, the cathedral is still open and operating. I did not go inside due to shortage of time.
Shortly after passing the cathedral on our right, we came to the Porte de France, straight ahead athwart our path. This city gate (currently undergoing repairs) sharply marks the dividing line between the new and the old. We were let loose with instructions to meet again at Big Ben in approximately two hours' time. Beyond the Gate of France is the medina, a huge one, the alleyways dark and tortuous and crowded, full of shops and people. You could easily get lost in there without a map (which I did not have) so I did not wander far from the gate, merely giving myself a taste of the atmosphere, then thankfully escaping back to the Avenue Bourguiba where I could breathe more freely. After a visit to a pharmacy (for toothpaste, tissues, etc.), I just took my time strolling back down the Avenue until I reached Big Ben again. By the time I had located our bus (not where we had been told it would be, there were so many others competing for space) I had purchased postcards, had an orange drink bought from a stall rather than in a cafe (though there were plenty of the latter, they all seemed to be populated entirely by men, and I did not fancy being the only female customer) and dodged the traffic at road crossings. You do not only encounter cars. Tunis has a system of electric trains (green, and about four carriages long) and the rails run right through the streets as well as out to Carthage.
We reached Carthage on our tour bus, of course. There is little left of the town which was home to Hannibal, as the Romans flattened most of it once they had finally overcome Carthage in the Punic Wars. Still, the site remains, and a lovely one it is too, on the shore of the Gulf of Tunis, north of Cap Bon. Being there makes one wonder how the world would have been had the Carthaginians won instead of the Romans. We in Western Europe descend from the Latin culture so are always taught in school that it was a 'good thing' that the Romans were the victors. But was it? We have no means of knowing. The Carthaginians had some repellent customs. At the site of Carthage we were shown tiny stone sarcophagi which had once contained the ashes of first-born male babies, sacrifices to Baal. To be the eldest son of a Carthaginian noble meant a very short life span. Girls, being considered inferior, were not sacrificed. So being inferior isn't all bad. Still, the Romans had some horrible habits too: arenas, gladiators, lions, etc. These also flourished in the hot, dry climate of Tunisia.
The only other vestige of the Carthaginians still visible near their ancient capital is the harbour where the warships were anchored, a tranquil stretch of water with a narrow opening to the sea and constructed in a half-moon shape. But the conquering Romans used the area too, and there are substantial remains of the Antonine Baths built during the second century A.D. Most of the ruins belong to the basement complex where all the heating and cooling systems were installed and consist of tunnels, corridors, pillars and open spaces. They are very impressive and they were just the basement - so what must the rest of the place have been like?
Next our bus took us a few miles further north around the Gulf of Tunis to the favourite tourist spot of the district, the much-photographed village of Sidi Bou Said. It is perched high on a hill affording panoramic views over the Gulf and back down to Carthage and is full of cafes, shops and tourists. All the buildings are white with bright blue paint on doors, shutters and balconies. It would be a lovely place to visit on a quiet day.
By then it was more than time for our lunch break (included in the outing) so the bus set off again in the direction of Tunis and en route we stopped at a huge eating establishment which provided us with a hurried, mass-produced meal, about which the least said the better. Perhaps one should not grumble too much - they have to feed coach-loads of hungry tourists at top speed.
Last halt of the day, out in the western suburbs of Tunis, was the famous Bardo Museum, the sort of place where you need a whole day, not just an hour. As it was, we had to either follow our guide or go astray. The building itself is as interesting as its contents, having been built as a palace in the style of the Turks (who dominated Tunisia for 300 years before the French seized it). It has slender pillars, graceful arches, and splendidly ornate ceilings. A memorable exhibit is an alabaster urn used for the ashes of one of those luckless sacrified Carthaginian infants, the only surviving example. The greater area of the museum, however, is devoted to Roman items, principally mosaic pavements and pictures, acres and acres of them for room after room. Every one was found in Tunisia itself and most were excavated in the 19th century and brought to the Bardo. Amazing though they are to gaze upon, would they not have been better left where they were found and preserved in situ as has been done at the Fishbourne Roman Palace at Chichester? Remember, however, that the Tunisian mosaics were discovered in the 19th century and ideas about archaeology were different then.
It was a great, varied, though rather rushed day out (aren't they all when they are organised?), but even the keenest student of history gets tired, so it was good after that day of intense culture to relax, return home to the hotel, shower, have dinner, go to bed - and have a day of rest on the Sunday!
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